任何时态都是时间与动作的意义的结合。过去完成时的时间很明显是过去;其动作的意义就是已经发生,换句话说就是完成了的情况。
结构过去完成时的基本结构是:had + 动词的过去分词。例如:
I had learned 2,000 English words by the end of last term. 到上学期期末为止我已经学了2,000个英语单词。
实质过去完成时表示在过去了的某个时间或动作之前所发生的动作,其实质就是过去的过去。例如:
When the teacher came into the classroom, Liu Hong had gone home. 当老师走进教室时,刘红已经回家了。(回家发生在过去的动作走进之前)搭档1. 介词by +含一般过去时态的句子。介词by 本身表示在之前;到为止。例如:
Edison had built a chemistry lab by the time he was ten. 爱迪生十岁的时候就已经建立了一个化学实验室。
2. 时间状语从句。例如:
When my mother got home, I had already done 10 maths problems. 当妈妈到家时,我已经做了十道数学题。
3. 宾语从句或间接引语。例如:
The teacher asked if we had finished doing our homework. 老师问我们是否做完了作业。
He said that the had he visited the place twice. 他说这个地方他已经参观过两次了。
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