天坛中英文导游词(3)

　　(Echo Wall and Triple –sound Stones)

　　Aside from exquisitely laid out architectures， Heaven` s Storehouse is also famous for two structures with peculiar acoustic features， i. E. the Echo Wall and the Triple- Sound Stone. A mere whisper at any point close to the wall can be heard clearly on the other side， although the parties may be 40 or 50 meters apart. This is possible because the wall is round and hermetically constructed with smooth ，solid bricks.

　　In front of the steps leading away from the halls is the Triple Sound Stone. If you stand on the first stone and call out or clap your hands， the sound will echo once; on the second stone， the sound will be heard twice; and on the third stone， the sound will repeat three times. Hence the name. (Go out through the right door and stroll along the circular path nor thward)

　　(Nine-Dragon Cypress)

　　the Temple of Heaven is also famous for its cypress trees-there are more than 60，000 cypress trees in all ，among which over 4，000 are more than one hundred years old ，adding to the solemn atmosphere of the temple .This tall cypress was planted more than 500 years ago. Its thick branches and twisting trunk resembling nine coiling playful dragons; thus it is known as the Nine-Dragon cypress. It is said that this tree was here to welcome the monarchs. Now it is here to welcome visitor from all over the world.

　　(In the south of Chengzhen Gate)

　　now we are back again on the Central Axis. This brick-arched gate is known as Chengzhen (Adopting Fidelity) .This gate is the northern gate of the Circular Mound Altar and the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest. The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest is situated at the extreme end of the axis. It was used by the emperor in the first month of every lunar year for services dedicated to good harvest.

　　(On the Red Stairway Bridge)

　　entering the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest， we set foot on a raised passage 360 meters long， which the emperor also took to proceed to the hall. This broad north-south walkway， called Danbiqiao (Red Stairway bridge)， connects the two sets of main building in the Temple of Heaven and constitutes a single axis.

　　The passage is divided into left， control and right paths by the cross arrangement of slabs. The central and the widest path is known as Heavenly Thoroughfare ， which was reserved exclusively for God; nobody， including the emperor， was allowed to set foot onto it . The emperor used the path on the east ，which is known as the Imperial Walk. The ministers and princes used the one on the west .Interesting enough ，there is no walkway left for ordinary people. This is because the Temple of Heaven used to be off-limits to them.

　　Contrary to appearances， this walkway is not a bridge at all . But how so ? This road is 4 meters above the ground and there is a cavern underneath that was reserved for sacrificial oxen and sheep. The cattle were slaughtered at a slaughterhouse about 500 meters away and brought here for sacrifice. All in all ，it can be said this walkway did serve as bridge and can be looked upon as the first cloverleaf in Beijing.

　　Looking back at the thoroughfare， you may realize that this walk is gaining height toward its northern end. As people approach the architectural group of the Hall of Prayer for good Harvest， the flanking groves of cypress recede and perspective widens. Here you are in Heaven.

　　(Costume-Changing Terrace)

　　the marble terrace up ahead is called jufutai， or CostumeChanging Terrace. It is located to the east of the Red Stairway Bridge and covers a space of 25 square meters .IT has marble Slab balustrades. The day before the service ，officials in charge would put up a yellow satin tent on the terrace for the emperor to change out of his yellow dragon robe into blue ceremonial clothes. After the service， the emperor would return to the tentand change back into his imperial robe before returning to the palace. (Proceed to the South Gate of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest)

　　(At the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest)

　　this structure is called the Gate of Pray for Good Harvest. We can catch a slight glimpse of the central building ，the Hall of Prayer for Good harvest， though the colonnade of the Gate. A gigantic and lofty group of buildings， the complex includes the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest， the hall of prayer for good harvest， eastern and western annex halls ，the Huanqian (Imperial heaven) Long corridor， Heaven Kitchen， slaughterhouse， etc.

　　the annex halls were symmetrically built on a 1.5-meter-hignbrick-and-marble terrace ，to set off the loftiness and magnificence of the main hall .This unique building ，38 meters in height， is characterized by a cone-shaped structure with triple eaves and a top that is crowned by a gilt ball. The roofing is made of blue glazed tiles， the color of the sky .Underneath the roof， the beams and bracket are decorated with colored paintings. The base of the structure is a triple-tiered， circular marble terrace. At a distance， the terrace looks like a gigantic， spiraling cloud with the structure perched on top of it .

　　Today the hall of prayer for good harvest is the hallmark of Beijing， which enjoys a prolonged history of civilization.

　　(At the base of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest)

　　The base of the hall is a triple-tiered， circular marble terrace， which is 90 meters in diameter and 6 meters in height ，covering a space of 4，000 square meters. Meticulous accuracy was given to the layout of the structure. In the middle of each three-tiered flight of stairs， there is a giant marble ramp carved in cloud， dragon and phoenix designs. To set off the ramps， the top of the balustrades and downpipes are designed with corresponding floral scrolls. In southern part of each tier， a gigantic bronze incense burner is placed. Sandalwood was burnt in them when rites were observed.

　　(In front of the hall of Prayer for good harvest)

　　climbing up this marble terrace， we see the main hall ，a masterpiece of ancient China. Looking up you will see the caisson， or covered ceiling， characterized by complex designs of dragons and phoenixes. In and out ， the hall is decorated with colored drawing of dragons and phoenixes.

　　Without the use of steel ，cement and nail， and even without the use of big beams and crossbeams， the entire structure is supported by 28 massive wooden pillars and number of bars， laths， joints and rafters. The four central pillars， called the dragon-Well Pillars， are 19.2 meters high and painted with designs of composite followers， representing the four season. There are two rings of 12 scarlet pillars each. The inner ring represents the 12 months and the outer rings the 12 divisions of the day and night .Between the two rings there are 24 partitioned spaces to mark the solar terms of the Chinese lunar year. The pillars， 28 in number， also represent the 28 constellations in the universe- the ancient Chinese believed that there were 28 constellations that made up the sky.　　The center of the stone-paved floor is a round marble slab， which is 88.5 centimeters in diameter. Interestingly， the slab features natural black and white veins， corresponding to the dragon-phoenix design on the ceiling. This particular slab is known as the Dragon-phoenix stone and is regarded as a treasure inseparable from the hall.

　　The furnishings within the hall are placed in their original positions dating back to when Emperor Xianfeng ruled .In the forefront and above the throne are enshrined tablets in commemoration of Heaven. On either table on each side tablets of the emperor` s ancestors were placed. Each tablet is fronted by an altar. A total of 24 kinds of offering were made on it ，including soup， wine， assorted cereals， and a calf.

　　The sacrificial rites were observed in the wee hours of the morning， sometime in the first month of the Chinese lunar year. Because it was still dark， candles， lanterns and torches were lit. This lighting coupled with the incense being burnt inside the hall ，helped make the ceremony both grand and mystical.

　　By the time the service began，207 musicians and dancers would be performing on platforms outside the hall. The emperor， in his blue sacrificial robe and with an air of piety and sincerity， would walk slowly into the hall， kowtow， and offer wine and prayer in hornor of the deities and his ancestors. All of the offerings would then be taken to incinerators on the eastern side of the gate of prayer for Good Harvest. With this we conclude our visit to the Temper of Heaven. The feudal monarchs and their sacrificial rites have long vanished in history .However， this group of magnificent and lofty structures remain as a fine testament of the ancient Chinese` s ingenuity and as one of the cultural heritages of mankind.

　　(On the Long Corridor)

　　From the Eastern Gate of the hall of prayer for good harvest， we have now enter a 300-meter-long corridor. Consisting of 72 sections， this corridor served as a connecting building between the Slaughterhouse. Heaven Kitchen， and the main hall ，It is said that this once served as a sacrificial food production line. Flanking the corridor are shopping stalls. You may find some souvenirs for your family and friend there.

　　Well ，that is all for this tour. Thank you for your attention. I look forward to your next visit. Good luck and bon voyage.

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